Branding, Pricing, and Distribution Research Paper

Branding, Pricing, and Distribution - Research Paper Example Establish a complete trucking business The company must work its way towards becoming a complete trucking business which includes a range of long-haul trucks and trucks which can carry different types of business. Then the company will be able to tap into consumer segment previously unapproached. Establish independent status They must become independent of their own like having their own fleet of trucks to carry the equipments. They must have their own drivers without having any contracted services. Global product branding Strategy Herb Holden Trucking Inc. needs to increase its presence around the globe. Hence they must look at the consumer segment where they want to tap into. Then they will be able to isolate the types of equipments which they will need to serve the consumer. They must make an agreement with the customs department and various officials of the country so that no restriction comes while carrying out their business. Answer 2 Pricing Strategy Herb Holden Trucking Inc. ... They can also go for vertical integration with other firms. This will significantly reduce the overhead and management costs associated with it. With this they might also be able to get lower transaction costs. They must also look for quicker routing time by the trucks so that per day income will increase along with the increase in efficiency. The must also take a look at the maintenance cost associated with the fleet of trucks and try to keep the trucks maintenance twice every year to increase their operational efficiency. They should also take care of the buildings, office etc. to reduce their cost. They must buy trucks that give higher mileage compared to other trucks to increase profitability. They can reduce the total transport cost by reducing the product volumes and doing unnecessary packaging, and rely more on the local products instead. Answer 3 Pricing strategy will help in reducing the cost of operation which the company will face in the due course of their work. By bringi ng down the cost they will be able to buy more number of fleets to augment their business strategy. With lower cost to operate they will be able to spend more on branding activities like promotion. Hence they will be able to deliver to their clients the equipments they want more quickly as compared to others. Again they can reach out to a larger number of customers through their increased fleet base. This will deliver a sense of customer satisfaction (Konings, 2008). By doing vertical integration with other firms in the same line of business they will be able to increase their market share and hence reach out to large number of customers. With vertical integration both the management will be able to formulate strategies which will serve both

Idealism in Realistic Context Essay Example for Free

Idealism in Realistic Context Essay Human idealism is a predominant theme in contemporary literature. Movies such as â€Å"Superman,† â€Å"Star Wars,† â€Å"Armageddon,† â€Å"Charlie’s Angels,† etc. have impressed the world with their portrayal of ideal human qualities as characters deal with social and personal conflicts of everyday life. The same theme can be found in the stories of Kincaid, Crane and Chabon. The stories titled, â€Å"Girl,† â€Å"An Episode of War,† and â€Å"The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay,† present the protagonists’ struggle towards idealism in a realistically imperfect society. Idealism, as the American Heritage Dictionary defines, is â€Å"the act or practice of envisioning things in an ideal form† (Answers. com). This idea is in contrast with realism, which represents â€Å"art or literature of objects, actions, or social conditions as they actually are, without idealization or presentation in abstract form† (as mentioned in Answers. com). In the three stories mentioned, human characters are expected to attain ideal qualities to compensate the flaws of society. While they are depicted with idealism, the stories present at the same time the real status of society characterized by discrimination, death, and superficiality. Primarily, the society, with its history, culture, and norms, establishes limitations and requirements for human characteristics. These requirements are directly established in Kincaid’s, â€Å"Girl. † In this piece of work, the mother embodies the society in setting standards for women. She orders her daughter what to do, from washing clothes, cooking pumpkin fritters, soaking salt fish, ironing her father’s clothes, to making ends meet (17). Although these requirements are set by a mother (Moore 2008) adhering with these is similar to fulfilling requirements set by society. Since the story does not specify a character’s name, it can be inferred that the author addresses the female population in general, and thus exempts the opposite gender of the said responsibilities. Therefore, while ideal qualities are expected of a girl, the standards disparage the female gender. In Crane’s â€Å"An Episode of War,† the situation of the characters demands them to have courage in spite of personal fears of death. Seeing the lieutenant’s blood gushing out of his body, the soldiers are confronted with the reality of death. Despite their fears, they need to show courage in the midst of disaster because it is what society expects of them. Similarly, the lieutenant has to face his fate with a brave heart because there is no place for cowardice in the military service. At the end of the story as he denies his pain and says, I dont suppose it matters so much as all that (11), the lieutenant submits to the standards of courage set by his society. In Chabon’s â€Å"The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay,† the author presents a different style in embodying the society it portrays. It uses the characters’ concepts of the world expressed in their dialogue. In the story, Sammy and Joe are seen brainstorming about a hero they would like to create. Both have the same notions of a hero based on what society has taught them. Based on their conversation, a hero is one who has supernatural qualities like Superman, but must be purpose-driven like Batman to ensure that people would love him. The making of a hero thus projects the idealism in the minds of the two characters. As they construct their own hero, the two present the expectations that each of them has learned from the society. Evidently, the concept of human idealism which asserts compliance with the rules of society makes the characters lose their self-identity in the process. In the first piece, as the girl does all of what the society (or the mother) expects of a daughter, she loses the opportunity to design her life according to her own plans. In other words, the ideal characteristics that she is expected to have all lead to losing her right to live and design her own life. The tasks that she is bound to accomplish each day thus prevent her from doing things that she wants or needs, such as attending school. In sum, these tasks imply stereotyping and gender discrimination. Stereotyping is very obvious as the story relates all the responsibilities a girl should do in a household. By advising a girl how to cook, iron clothes, or serve dinner, the mother implies limiting the girl to household chores and discouraging her from pursuing education and profession. In the second story, the loss of identity is vividly illustrated. The situation itself calls for pretense and deceit. As the men in the battlefield witness the wounding of the lieutenant, they suddenly grow strange, and at once become unable to face the situation. Besides the sergeant who nervously assists the lieutenant, the rest of the men are astound and do not know what to do. Their silence as the lieutenant is carried back to the camp explains the sudden strangeness that they feel. Idealism prevents them from expressing fear or disgust even at a very crucial moment. In contrast, if the soldiers were only imbued by realism, they would have expressed sentiments, or some would have backed out from their mission. However, due to idealism, they choose to pretend and bear the sacrifices brought by war. In the third story, as Sammy and Joe strive to construct a superhero, they lose their own human identity in the process. The superficial qualities they want their superhero to possess deconstruct their human characteristics. Accordingly, this motive suggests their wish for supernatural strength and escape from the ordinary ways of the world. Therefore, while they aim for a newly constructed identity, Joe and Sam attempt to abandon not only their own human characteristics but everything associated with it, including their society. Such attempt can be due to the difficulties they encounter in life, although there is no mention of this in the excerpt. The three literary pieces from contemporary literature present different struggles of the characters in the society they live in. Highly imbued by idealism, the characters show the reality of every person to attempt to adhere to the expectations and standards of society. Like many of us, although they experience the loss of identity and other social struggles, they still continue to face the challenges of life, the ideal requirements that social reality demands.

Several differences between private and public schools

Several differences between private and public schools Introduction Extant literature proposes that there are several differences between private and public schools in term of governance, facilities and even the curriculum. These studies do however record both the similarities and differences of these institutions as well as the controversial aspects of these institutions structures. Like other countries of the world, Kuwait has also various factors that affect the running of public and private schools. In this context, it is true that many several students feel and experience the difference that exists between private and public schools. The general consensus however is that private schools are better as compared to the public schools as postulated by Hannaway (1991) when he argued thatprivate schools perform better due to greater school level autonomy and their responsiveness to the needs of students and parents. Public schools have always paid for higher education programs out of general public taxation. This has prompted several students to pay little or no tuition fees at all and has also enabled number of admissions in the public schools as compared to the little or rather fewer admission in the more expensive private institutions. Most students have been able to gain access to public institutions for higher education through selective exams programs; this is mainly in an effort to have of quality education and better performance in these schools which usually enjoy adequate government funding. Due to the difference in students abilities and competition in public schools, students with low ability have a choice of increasing their education level or being uneducated depending on their financial capabilities. This simply means that a student with a low ability can equally be enrolled in a private school but after paying full tuition money which is always very expensive. On the other hand, a student with low ability and lacks enough finances remains uneducated. But studies have shown that there is an increasing demand for public schools due to high demand of higher quality education coupled with high level of students competition for the government funded learning opportunities. Overview of the Kuwaiti Education system The Kuwaiti education system in the early 20th century comprised of very basic education that was delivered through very few Koranic schools with funding from the various wealthy Kuwaiti citizens. The Koranic schools main taught the students how to read write and solve. The initial step towards the modern education system began in 1921.Thse schools mainly concentrated on the teaching of commerce and mathematics. It was later on that that writing skills were introduced. In 1967, it became necessary to compulsory to enroll students or rather school going children to primary schools (Kjeilen,2009). The Kuwaiti government dedicated a very large sum of money in funding of its educational system. The government also has made efforts to device programs that aid in improving the entry of the Kuwaiti women from education institutions to their professional work life.A considerable percentage of the Kuwaiti education is made up of private schools with about 40% being in the kindergartens and secondary category. The private schools are mainly financed by foreigners while the tuition fees and other subsidies are derived from government support. In a nutshell, the Kuwaiti education system ranks very high and attendance is open to both sexes. The Kuwaiti education is also compulsory and free for all the Kuwaiti citizens. Social changes in Kuwait have rapidly sped up since the oil boom that started in 1950s. Right before the super affluence which was caused by oil, Kuwait as a country was one of the poorest states both technologically and economically; the people from Kuwait majorly lived and survived on activities such as trading, herding, pearling and fishing. The decades following the development in Kuwait after 1950s attracted many immigrants especially those from poorer states that include Arabs from the Middle East who wanted to be part of Kuwait by Citizenship. As time accelerated to a different Kuwaiti era, more and more developments were established as the native Kuwaitis led much comfortable lives in urbanization, thus leaving most of the labor work to the foreigners who were more of laborers. Early education foundation was based on only a few Quranic schools that provided majorly religious teachings and basic literacy in Arabic tutelage at the beginning of the 20th century. In the Middle East, Kuwait was one of the nations that flagged the most sophisticated, generous, and comprehensive educational infrastructures that enabled a much extensive education boosting in the country. Al Mubarakiyya school was founded in the year 1912 as one of the most profound and modern educational institutions in Kuwait through funding by merchants to supply clerks who at least had the basic knowledge in fields of commerce, letter writing and arithmetic. This was later followed by introduction of other subjects in the curriculum like geography, history and art. English courses were first stated in the year 1921 by Al Ahmadia School and shortly followed by the first girls school which was founded and established to offer instructions in home economics, Islamic studies and Arabic. In the 1930s, the modern period of establishment of educational facilities was initiated and on going; this was after the pearling based devastation of the Kuwaitis economy. In the year 1935, public education was established after the education system was partly adopted for control by the Kuwaiti state. This chapter initiated the starting of new schools, sending of Kuwaiti students abroad for higher learning and also founding of an education mission by Palestine teachers. Among the schools which were founded, three of those schools merged a total of 600 boys, while the other primary schools were established for girls and were able to accommodate a total of 140 girls. A year later in 1936, a department of education was instituted in order to monitor the running of the public schools, oversee foreign teachers from Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Palestine, and Lebanon who were the pioneers of the secondary education program in Kuwait. By the year 1945, a total of 17 schools in the country were est ablished. In the academic year of 1954-1955, the first technical school and the first kindergarten were established. This clearly shows the rapid acceleration of education facilities in Kuwait since the year 1950s. In the technical college, the first year saw accommodation of 80 students who were enrolled and an increase in number courses which were gradually introduced as demand for more fields of study heightened. The educational developments continued pacing up as a new institution for the blind was inaugurated in the year 1956 with a total of 36 pupils in enrollment records. This was not enough since by the year 1973, there were approximately 1,644 students who were identified to be in need of special facilities for education. Some of these students include the blind, the deaf, and other handicapped ones. All these special students were enrolled in 11 institutions which were specially designed for them in acquiring education as other normal students. Adult education for women officially ca me underway in the year 1963; this was a result of the existing similar programs for women though dormant(Meleis et al ,1979). This system saw continuous enrollment of approximately 45,000 students of which 18,000 were girls. The education department of Kuwait was then officially inaugurated as the Education Ministry in the year 1962. This establishment gave the education ministry full mandate to oversee and manage all directions in education maintenance and development over the decades. Kuwaits state education has since progressed since the Kuwaiti nationals got involved in their education process twenty years back from the beginning of the millennium. This progress made has been quite remarkable especially in terms of expatriate to national ratio of teachers who were employed. In the year 1982, there were 24,367 teachers in total; 6,478 teachers were Kuwaiti nationals. The academic year of 1997-1998 saw total of 27,359 teachers employed in public schools and an estimate of 10,000 teachers in private schools. Of the 27,359 teachers in public school, 17,357 teachers were Kuwaiti. The ratio of Kuwaiti teachers to expatriate ones changed from approximately 1.7:1 from 1:3.76. The state of Kuwaiti managed to promote their education process by extensively increasing the number of Kuwaiti teachers between the early eighties to the late nineties. The doubling of the Kuwaiti teachers between the eighties and the nineties has relieved the reliance of foreign professional teac hers in Kuwaiti schools. This was a great change but not good enough since most of the Kuwaiti professional teachers were particularly in practice at the lower levels, mostly the primary schools. The entry of male teachers in the profession also saw many of them teaching in primary schools. Kuwaits transformation into a modern nation with remarkable education institutions has been so, thanks to the governments early decision to distribute the oil revenues to citizens through investment of education, social welfare, housing and healthcare. The Kuwaiti education system is tailored to cater for the nations needs. In their endeavor to ensure that most of its citizens are educated, the Kuwaiti government has ensured that the education is provided free of charge. This has been the case since 1966.In order to ensure that the share of national budget that is targeted towards the provision of free education yield good outcome in terms of raising the Kuwaiti Literacy level, the government has made education to be compulsory for student aged 6-14. The Kuwaiti government has in its vision and commitments the need to provide its citizens with a stable and highly educated human resource base. This is in an effort to meet the social challenges attributed to development challenges as outlined in their Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).This is through the guarantee of an education slot to each and every citizen who wishes to pursue their education to whatever level that they desire. It is quite evident from the number of schools alone, the governments commitment towards ensuring that the Kuwaiti population is properly educated. The general Kuwaiti education system is made up of elementary, intermediate and secondary schooling systems. As of 1995, there were about 861 state and private institutions (schools) that fell into these categories. Once an individual goes past these three basic levels of education, they proceed to institutions of higher learning such as the Kuwait School and other educational centers where they learn various courses in various fields of study Cost of private schooling in Kuwait The private education in Kuwait makes a very crucial element of the Kuwaiti education system. There is a very strong government presence in the private schools in Kuwait. The private schools do enroll about one third of children at the elementary level.The cost of private schooling in Kuwait was a preserve for the high income families only before Kuwaiti was invaded by Saddam.This situation has however changed and students from moderate and modest families also do enroll in the private schools. This move is mainly fueled by the perceived decline in the quality of education in the public school system. Their main attraction is however pegged on the quality education that they desire for their children. There is however situations that necessitate the parents to return their children to the public schooling system due to the increase in the school fees paid in the private schools in Kuwait. Some of these parents resort to this move despite the availability of loans to fund for their ch ildrens education (Kuwaiti Times, 2007) Different students get enrolled in different schools majorly due to their level of performances and their family income, this has always been the question asked mostly and a major source of debate whether students in private schools are better than their counterparts in public schools. Several parents and guardians have developed the mentality that paying extra money for their kids education makes all the difference as far as quality and success in their childrens education is concerned. With this kind of belief in existence, more wealthy parents or guardians prefer paying so as to secure well the future of their children in the private learning institutions. On the other hand, some parents, guardians, students and even college professors believe that education is generally the same whether it is from a public institution or a private one. This depends on the attitude and mental preparedness of the student towards their education and future. When comparing the public schools to the private ones, it is quite obvious that the quality of education in private schools is much lower than those in public schools. This is mainly reflected in the strategies used when competing for students. In public schools, there has always been a setting of qualification which must be achieved by a student before being accepted for admission; this kind of admission setting is designed to enable public schools act as monopolies whereby zero tuition fees for students with high abilities is initiated. When it comes to private schools, the mode of competing for students is not through the ability of a student but the financial capability. This means low ability students can be admitted so long as they can pay for the private fee; this has enabled many students to accede higher education, thus boosts total income in the economy. Competition between private and public schools is determined by numerous variables including exams taken as well as general prices in the institutions. An active role played by schools in setting the exams and the tuition fees determines the level of quality of education provided. While public schools have always maximized public surplus. That is, the total sum of students earnings less the all the costs spent in providing education, the private schools have always aimed at maximizing profits; which is, all income generated by the students who have been admitted in the institution less all the expenses incurred in providing education for the students in the schools. This clearly shows that private schools use price as admission policy so as to ascertain their sustainability in providing better education, this is because money from students is basically the only funding they use in running their institutions. As far as price is concerned, there are variations in pricing in different p rivate schools depending on various factors of which educational quality is the most paramount. Thus the better the quality level of a private school, the higher the tuition fees paid by the parents (Tabora, 2008). Students who attend public schools under public monopoly are basically the same students who are admitted in these institutions under competition. These students have always obtained similar quality in school in both cases. The existence of private schools for higher has raised total welfare since students who have not been admitted in the public monopoly have been given a chance of joining the private schools and get educated. When observing the market partitions in which both public and private schools compete for students, there is a very unique equilibrium that exists in which the private schools are lower in quality than the public schools. Importance of schooling The concept of schooling was invented in order to empower the human capital. Previous research on human capital has however been targeted on the quality and quantity of returns that a person obtains as a result of schooling. As advanced by Mincer in his outstanding and standard formulation, the amount of investment invested in a particular cause can be translated into various observable differences that various from one individual to the next (Mincer, 1976). Therefore, in case the investment in an individuals education is considered to decline on a linear scale, an all the amount of investment are considered to be forgone income, a very simple and direct correlation can be derived between the earnings and the years that an individual spends while schooling. The application of the commonly available data portrays that there is a characteristic that is eminent in all the schools allover the world. Is very important that the world provide their citizens with the best level of education. The importance of the human capital cannot be overemphasized. This is because of the various gains that result of the gainful and observable changes that come with having a population with a high literacy rate. Every country in the world must have its own dependable and experienced workforce in order for it to succeed in its endeavors of being both sovereign and prosperous. This requires the individual countries to device their own efficient and customized education system and curricula that would fully take care of its industrial and intellectual deficiencies. The investment in human capital therefore very crucial for the success of every nation. In certain cases however, it becomes crucial for certain sectors of a nations economy to require specialist support from expatriates. This is due to the fact that certain courses or rather education needs are never relevant or rather are never heavily invested on in certain specialist areas of the economy. Thus the need for expatriate support in certain areas such as engineering and other very technical areas of the economy. It is therefore necessary for every government to be heavily involved in the education of its citizens. This is very applicable in almost every country. There is however a generalizability that is used as an indicator of the role and importance of return variation of schooling investment in different nations across the globe (Psacharopoulos, 1994). The exact role of government in education is however still subject to debate and is subject to various different views. It is worthwhile to note that a high returns on the schooling level does not necessarily imply that it is the role of government intervention that has subsequent resulted to the better academic yield. However, in order to conclusively justify the level of government intervention, it is important to take into account various parameters that affect the educational yields or rather outcome. For quite a long time, the role of education to a given society has been researched upon by various scholars. The role of the government has been featured as one of the major determinants of the success in terms of schooling in the lives of the citizens. Kuwait for example has her government put in place various mechanisms to ensure that the citizens and foreigners who attend its education system do get certain critical notions and ideas imparted upon them. Kuwait being a Muslim state, has most of its schooling requirements tailored to meet the strict requirements of the Muslim religion. In fact in earlier years, the rules that govern schooling were very strict. The education of the girl child for example was forbidden for a long time. But later on, partly due to the effects of westernization, the education of the girl child became accepted as one of the steps toward a democratically balanced Kuwaiti society. The role of government intervention can however be justified using certain mechanisms such as market failure. Importance of resources availability to the quality of education Several researchers have focused their attention to the important role that is played by the availability of resources to the success in the schooling process in various countries. It is however very important that the amount of resources that are devoted to the process of acquiring proper education can not be directly tied to the outcome of the various schooling processes. In Kuwait for example, the private schools that are in essence run and managed by foreigners are better equipped as compared to the public schools. The analysis that focuses on the role of resources in the outcome of schooling process is however subject to a lot of discussions and debate. This is because of the multivariate nature of the schooling process. Despite the controversies that surround the analysis, there is however a considerable amount of evidence that supports that fact that a positive correlation exists. This is based on the minority of scholarly work that exposes a substantial and positive correlati on (Schneider, 2002). Other studies however, are focused on the simple relationship between the resources and the outcome of the schooling process. In these studies, a simple correlation is devised in order to relate the causal factors and the outcomes of the schooling process. The relationships that have been derived do not however have a systematic review but the causal factors do have a certain level of support in the review process. A proxy relationship can however be conclusively be justified as appropriate. The existence of this stronger relationship that exists between the resources and other causal factors may be applicable. Factors such as the amount of wealth in a students family background may to a large extent be an influence and a major contributor to the level of students performance as a result of a dedication and provision of more resources into the schooling of the student. The growth setting however, has no direct proxy relationship. In certain instances, poor proxies have however been a ssigned to the process of getting a correlation between the amount of resources and the outcome of schooling (Hanushek Kimko , 2000). International schooling policies have been supported hugely and are now gaining increased income. Numerous debates have been carried out and the arguments have supported interventions by the government based on spillovers which are as a result of the growth process in education. This is why the general endogenous growth model has clearly shown that education level in an economy influences the growth of a country. That is, if the education level of an economy is low, the growth of that particular nation will definitely drag unlike if the education level is was higher. The structure of the endogenous development model brings in a spillover that people will not take into consideration their own decision making process. Empirical work carried out has underscored the merits of schooling quantity in these particular places. The relationship between individual earnings and schooling have shown the most consistent and strongest support in education performance; when an individual uses own mo ney to finance schooling, the seriousness becomes extreme to the extent that exam performance of that individual turns out to be quite pleasing. While basing reliance on evidence that is limited, there has been quite promising support that exists on the importance of education and schooling in relation to effects of growth as well as the distribution of earnings (Gregorio, 1999) The economic effects as a result of differences in educational quality of secondary and elementary schools are not well comprehended as the effects of quantity, especially in relation to the aggregate performance the nations economy. This poor understanding of the implications of quality in education makes it difficult to reflect measurement. It is very difficult to precisely define the quality of education since the term quality reflects the extent of an institutions knowledge base as well as the analytical skills employed as the focal points of learning institutions. To properly build the base of this discussion, this study will rely on data sourced from standardized exams of achievements in academics and students ability in education. Re lying on this information from standardized tests to reflect quality measures is controversial in a way that there are gaps available in evidence and also the emanated conclusions follow (as stated below). All in all, these measures prove to be th e most effective indicators available of quality and have a relationship with the results that we positively satisfy us. Numerous research studies have been carried out and documented in the field of labor markets which directly focus on personal differences when it comes to cognitive ability and effects in earnings (as well as modify the estimates of returns in terms of quality). 4. The latest direct research study of cognitive achievement have recorded substantial returns in the labor market has measured individual variations when it comes to cognitive achievement. For example, ONeill (1990), Murnane, Willett, and Levy (1995), Bishop (1989, 1991), Neal and Johnson (1996), Currie and Thomas (2000), Grogger and Eide (1993), and Murnane et al. (2000) each conclude that the earnings advantages are quite substantial when standardized test are highly achieved. These conclusions have been extracted from various approaches. Bishop (1989) is much concerned about the errors that result in the most testing environments and emphasize on extreme care when dealing with that problem since it has very dramatic consequences on the estimated importance of the test variations. On the other hand, Grogger and Eide (1993), ONeill (1990), Neal and Johnson (1996), and Bishop (1991) have greatly put their reliance on the latest labor market information as well as representative sampling which suggests that earnings advantage to measured variations in skill is much greater than those of the earlier times and earlier research studies (even when reliability of the test is not corrected. In Kuwait, just like in other quickly-developing education systems, one main domain of interest is ensuring that the quality of education that is offered by both private and public providers is up to standards needed. This paper elaborates by way of a thorough review the history of development of Kuwaiti education system since its initiation. It considers several quality systems that are currently employed in other countries in the Gulf States so as to identify the effects of the education systems both private and public on the attitudes of the students towards schooling. Two main results emerge from the present analysis. The first suggests that there are no significant effects from class attendance. The second indicates that smaller classes do not translate into gains in achievement. Other results include the lack of significant peer effects and evidence of variability in teaching effects, which is, however; also not significant. These findings need to be interpreted carefully. For instance, the result of no attendance effects may not necessarily indicate that attendance does not matter per se: on the contrary, it can instead be the case that attendance does matter but that the students in our data choose optimally how many classes to attend, so that marginal variation around that attendance level does not translate into any gains in terms of achievement. The outlook of the 21st century Kuwaiti education The Gulf States have undergone a number of serious challenges both on their economic and political existence. These numerous challenges have been brought about by the prosperity and accelerated growth as well as the heightened levels in social services. There tends to be some sort of deception in some certain levels when one looks at the external wealth and modernity of some of these Gulf States. For example, it is true that Kuwait as a country is in possession of 9.5% of the proven oil reserves in the world (out of a combination of 64.9% of all Gulf States) and many of the Kuwaitis are very rich people thanks to their oil rich nation. While this is so, the oil revenues in Kuwait are very modest when comparisons are made to the gross domestic product of the developed countries of the world. The fluctuating prices of oil have greatly influenced the reliability of development as well as long term planning; this is so especially when the price per every barrel remains low on the world m arket like it was in the eighties and the nineties. According to reliable sources, studies have shown that the low oil prices in 1980s was the cause of deficit budget operation by the Gulf States; which was barely the size of Switzerlands GDP if they were combined i.e. (U.A.E, Kuwait, Oman, Iran, Bahrain, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Qatar). The Gulf States wealth illusion is as a result of control of the oil reserves by only a hand full of people who easily access the world markets through exports in ships; this clearly explains the long gap between the rich and the poor; which is bad for the economy. These Gulf States have had to deal with the grapples that affect their budgetary uncertainties in the oil markets. Some of these problems are public sector dominance, visible and hidden unemployment, poor revenues for the huge populations, dominance of foreign workers among, and also poor participation in the decision making process with the exception of Kuwait which has an elected body that represents it. The core feature of this analysis, however, is how the quality of schooling influences the national and economic growth. It is obvious that schools (no matter their geographical locations) have numerous variations as far as knowledge and general quality is concerned. These differences are always very difficult to deal with since the implications for comprehending the core issues are emphasized in this study.

mathew shepard :: essays research papers

I think that Mathew Shepard was a good person. That stupid church guy that said gays are evil, Matt’s in hell, and stuff like that are the â€Å"evil people. It’s not evil to be gay. All that stuff religious people say about gays is nothing that really is true. The religious people take in everything that the bible says about everything so hard. The bible wasn’t even written by god. The people that beat Matthew up were just raised to hate gays. It’s not right to kill a gay person for hitting on you, and that’s not even what it sounded like. Sounds like there were just being stupid. They sounded like they were just doing it for fast cash or something. Knowing that someone would do such a thing isn’t that great. It feels like this world is full of hate. Bin Ladin, the Matthew Shepard thing, and the list goes on. The real reason I think stuff like this goes on is because people aren’t raised right and the parents expose the bad stuff, and that’s why a lot of people kill. That’s what I think caused Matthew Shepard’s death. The parents were not very good if the kids took drugs and killed and beat people up. The aids thing didn’t surprise me. All my life I’ve been told from various places that 1 in 5 gay men have aids. First I heard about it in school in sixth grad I think. Then I hear it on the radio. Then I hear it on the TV. Matthew Shepard seemed like a good person. Doesn’t have bad habits as far as I saw. The incident made me think of how people use the word gay or fag. I have used those words a lot. I used them in the sense of stupid and ahole. When I was mad that’s what I would say. You can’t help saying it. You hear it all the time. I never used it to offend a gay person. I heard at my old school millions of times. I don’t think I’ll use that word any more.

HAPA children Essay

The present paper describes the results extracted from qualitative naturalistic ethnographic observation that was conducted among the sample of college students, both multi- (â€Å"Hapa†) and monoracial, to investigate their childhood experiences in regard to racial identity. The research immersed the concepts of â€Å"race† as a new social construct and of multiracial identity against the three coping strategies: a race-conscious, a race-neutral, and a class-conscious one. To reflect the multiplicity and worthiness of individual responses, the method of in-depth interview was chosen. Results showed that there is strong correlation between racial identity in comfortable/uncomfortable self-positioning and the socio-economic status of the family, psychological climate within a family, the presence/absence of role-models, and the degree of racial awareness in the broader (school) context. More research is needed to assess the type of correlation between multiracial identity in regard to â€Å"Hapa† children and educational level of their parents, the period of naturalization in the current locality, and gender of â€Å"Hapa† subjects, as well as the effect of coping strategies on multiracial identity. Introduction The word race refers to a class of people who are perceived as physically unique on the basis of certain traits, such as skin color, hair texture, and facial features. These unique features allow people to distinguish others’ origins based on their appearance. However, when interracial marriage became more popular, the population of mixed-raced children increased dramatically, and people can no longer identify others’ race based on their appearance. Interracial relationships became a trend and part of American culture. The U.   S. earlier census established six categories for race: American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, White, and Hispanic or Latino. However, in the 2000 Census there were already sixty-three categories for race (there were eleven subcategories under â€Å"Hispanic ethnicity† alone). Interracial marriages include unions among these 63 groups. Regardless of what types of ethnic groups are involved in the relationships, one important outcome of these relationships is children. An identity crisis has become the most debated issue about mixed-raced children. The research will focus on the identity development of one distinct mixed-raced group, the Hapa. â€Å"Hapa† is a Hawaiian word used to describe half-Hawaiian mixed-raced children. Nowadays, the word â€Å"Hapa† has become a popular term to describe half Asian and half White children. The research will compare the differences in developing identity between Hapa children (a mixed-raced group) and children of a single race. It is argued here that Hapa children tend to have a harder time when developing their identity in comparison to children of a single race. Cross’ model of Black racial identity development (Cross, 1971; found in Tatum, 2004, p. 117+) was adopted to assess individual perceptions and experiences in regard to race and identity within a sample of college students. Modern discourse on the issues of race and multiraciality was analyzed to identify four possible sets of factors (socio-economic status, the SES, acculturation, national origin, and demographic characteristics; in Morning, 2001, p. 61+) affecting self-identification in a race-biased context. The U. S. college students were recruited to participate in the survey on the point. The present research fits into the paradigm of qualitative, naturalistic and ethnographic research (Boas, 1943; Blumer, 1969; Lincoln and Guba, 1985; Woods, 1992; LeCompte and Preissle, 1993; in Cohen et al. , 2000, p. 136). (3) It is qualitative since it operates non-numeric data, i. e. the data is derived from observations and conversations and not from statistic analysis. The aforementioned respondents shared their feelings and attitudes on the point of racial issues in political, cultural, and social spheres in regard to phenotypical and ideological conceptualizations of â€Å"race. † The research is naturalistic since the testing of hypotheses took place in natural and naturalistic environments as opposed to artificial and controlled settings such as laboratories. The research is ethnographic since it dealt with people in their variety and subjectivity of perceptions but still constituting a cultural group (â€Å"Hapas†). Thus, the key characteristics of qualitative, naturalistic and ethnographic research being the set of flexible constructions of meanings on the issue of â€Å"race† taken by the â€Å"insiders† of a community can be observed here. The present research paper is structured along the traditional model. In the Literature review section, current interpretations of race, multiraciality and identity development are analyzed to be applied further to the current research. In the Method section, the research strategies and tools of the present investigation are discussed within the framework of qualitative, naturalistic and ethnographic investigation. In the subsequent sections, the data collected through the questionnaires and interviews is discussed. The Conclusion section summarizes the facts revealed in the survey and restates the hypothesis to arrive at the implications for the further study and practice in regard to the issues of race and identity. Literature review Spencer underlined that multiracial identity is deeply rooted in the assumptions â€Å"that race exists and that the offspring of persons from two different racial groups is a multiracial individual† (1999, p. 88). There is a popular concept of phenotypes or â€Å"physical expressions of genetic inheritances† (Ifekwunigwe, 2004, p. 4) lying in the foundation of the theory about human races. Recently, however, more and more researchers have started to argue the notion of â€Å"discrete or pure biological ‘races’† (Jones 1996, Rose et al. 1984; in Ifekwunigwe, 2004, p. 3). They stressed the importance of internal differences that persisted within a group modeled as a solid biological race. The modern concept of racial formation predicts that race is a social construct to a greater extent than a biological one. Ropp drew a bottom line in the argument stating that multiracial subjects did not fit into the biological race network (2004, p. 263). Omi and Winant defined the process of racial formation as â€Å"the socio-historical process by which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed† (1994, p. 55). In the first edition of the book, they argued that â€Å"racialization [is the] extension of racial meaning to a previously racially unclassified relationship, social practice of group† (Omi & Winant, 1986, p. 64). Williams stressed that â€Å"races have been socially constructed in such a way that they have remained separate, monoracially-boundaried, exclusive, and unequal† (p. 168). The reference to races being created â€Å"socially† implies that people create the network of prejudices, attitudes and perceptions masking their personal and political bias by referring to skin, hair and other physical or â€Å"phenotypical† parameters.

Marketing In Digital Age Marketing Essay Essays

Marketing In Digital Age Marketing Essay Essays Marketing In Digital Age Marketing Essay Essay Marketing In Digital Age Marketing Essay Essay William Rosenberg, the pioneering enterpriser of Dunkin Donuts ( DD ) , had a really simple doctrine: The foreman is the client. By implementing Rosenberg s doctrine, DD operates 7,000 mercantile establishments in 40 states and sells 4 million doughnuts and 2.7 million cups of java daily. Tesco, the taking British supermarket, has grown successfully for many old ages. By contrast, Sainsbury s, the former leader, has struggled to maintain gait and now is in merely 3rd place. Tesco understands and references client demands in a compelling mode it has the right merchandise mix, and provides first-class value. Tesco illustrates the kernel of effectual selling. In general, when you talk about marketing the first thing that comes to our head is Advertisement, publicities, merchandising, etc. That is because we are bombarded with telecasting and newspaper ads, direct mail and gross revenues calls every twenty-four hours. Selling is non merely about advertizement, publicities or selling your merchandises, but it has many more concern activities. Selling is based on 4Ps i.e. Product, Price, Place and Promotion. We could besides state that carry throughing the demands and fulfilling demands of the clients by gaining net income is called selling. In simple words selling means making consciousness of the merchandise and the trade name name by aiming a peculiar group of client ( for illustration age group of 18yrs to 30yrs, females or childs etc. ) to whom you want to sell your merchandise. It generates the scheme that underlies gross revenues techniques, concern communicating, and concern developments. Selling is a really wide construct. Today it plays a really of import function in the procedure of establishing a new merchandise in the market, trade name trueness from the clients, making and increasing the client base for the merchandise s long life in the competitory universe of selling. The gross revenues of a merchandise are mostly depended on the selling manner. A strategic planning is ever of import for the success of the merchandise, particularly in today s universe where the selling has gone digital. We find people purchasing things on cyberspace unlike in the early old ages of 2000 s when cyberspace was merely constructing up its image in selling of merchandises on-line. The advertizements are now done online which is the easiest manner to make the targeted clients. That is because the usage of cyberspace has been increasing enormously. The huge difference that has made in digital selling is the usage of cyberspace engineerings, informations excavation, neuroscience engine erings, web2.0, etc. It has changed the whole system of selling. The selling is now done by aiming the people and brainwashing their head through advertizements and many other ways. They term it as neuromarketing. They target the thought of the client straight off or you can state the human behavior. The houses, today, want non merely to retain their clients but besides increase the client base. The houses therefore, have changed the manner of selling and seeking to remain with the digital age selling by utilizing assorted types of selling engineerings. The essay discusses more on the development of the selling, the difference that the Web2.0 has made in selling universe and besides the neuroscience selling which is really normally used by many houses today as a selling technic. The essay besides discusses about the forthcoming Web3.0 an cyberspace based engineering which will be the following large measure in marketing system. Definitions of Marketing Selling has many definitions given by assorted people. The followers are some popular definitions: Selling as defined in 2007 by the American Marketing Association is the activity, set of establishments, and processes for making, pass oning, presenting, and interchanging offerings that have value for clients, clients, spouses, and society at big. Peter drucker a taking selling direction mind, has described selling as follows: Selling is non merely much broader than merchandising, it is non a specialized activity at all. It encompasses the full concern. It is the whole concern seen from the point of position of its concluding consequence, that is, from the client s point of position . The Evolution of Digital Marketing Today the selling has gone to following degree. The selling has gone digital. Every twenty-four hours you find out a new selling manner or a new manner of selling is been used to pull people to purchase your merchandise or services. As mentioned earlier the major difference is made by the cyberspace related engineerings i.e. informations excavation, web2.0 and assorted other things. The houses particularly have enjoyed the alteration from 2005, when the Web2.0 came into drama. The selling as a topic has become really broad and wide construct. This is because the alteration or the development in the selling that is brought in by the new engineerings and other new ways of selling for illustration, stealing selling, on-line auctions, e-commerce, etc. these are the things that bears the cogent evidence of impact of the technological development on selling in the recent yesteryear. Today cyberspace is a sort of line of life for the people, without cyberspace they are incapacitated. For il lustration a individual wants to purchase a top-up for his cell phone he ll non travel to a shop alternatively he will utilize cyberspace or the hard currency machines to purchase the top-up. If a individual wishes to eat pizza he can travel to any pizza web site i.e. pizza hut, dominos, etc. and order it. The eBay has been a perfect illustration of technological development in the selling development where people literally sell and purchase different merchandises without even cognizing each other. They merely purchase and sell things by exposing a image and the inside informations of the merchandise. Whereas, in the 1990 s the people had to travel to the stores and purchase things they wish to buy. Most of the people did nt cognize about the new merchandises launched in the market in that epoch. The alteration in the selling technics and the usage of engineering has helped the people in the right manner they wanted. They are now updated through electronic mails from the companies, etc. They besides save a batch of clip, money and energy to make the same things they did by passing a batch clip and money in going to purchase things. The development in selling has brought a batch of alteration and has helped the houses in many ways. It creates a great value for the stockholders and besides attracts more new investors to put in the company. It besides helps the houses to track the market places of the houses A ; its merchandise in the market, the houses have a great advantage of making marketing research of its merchandise to be after the selling schemes of the merchandise i.e. how to market, where to market, who to aim for the merchandise, etc. which is necessary for the success of the merchandise. It has made really easy for the houses to use the Marketing Mix. Selling requires a batch of communicating with the consumers that is in B2C or with the houses in the instance of B2B, for which the cyberspace has been a span to make full the spread. You merely have to email your clients or the company of what you want and how you want, there is an immediate answer within a yearss clip. This has been a major encourage ment for the selling system. It has changed the whole scenario of marketing today. The usage of cyberspace has helped companies save a batch of money which they spent on happening the traders which bears really high hazard of the success of the shop. The consumer on the other manus is besides happy because they can straight purchase the goods from the company and besides can acquire the after gross revenues services straight from the company which is by and large faster so what the retail merchants do. Dell is an first-class illustration for this. They sell computing machines merely online or through an authorized Dell trader which is really rare. The company enjoys a higher net income border and the clients enjoy good service which is direct from the company. The Role Of Web2.0 In Marketing Development The first large measure towards the technological revolution was back in 2001 when dot com entered in the universe of selling. World Wide Web was used for sharing thoughts and advancing treatment, etc. Many people thought it was overhyped and is non every bit good as it looks. The fact is that in the star it easy got in but on the ulterior phase it lacked many ways which were so seen in Web2.0. Web2.0 is the 2nd biggest but even more effectual measure towards the technological revolution in selling system. It took one and half twelvemonth for acquiring a proper clasp in the selling universe after it was used for the first clip in 2004. The advancement narrative or the point of the Web2.0 coming in the calcium hydroxide visible radiation is the high-profile coup detat of the cyberspace telephone service by Skype and so the on-line payment system PayPal by one of the most successful on-line auction site EBay, the coup detat of the photo-sharing site Flickr by Yahoo and the 1.6-bn-dolla r coup detat of the picture exchange site called YouTube by Google have placed the topic of Web 2.0 in the limelight. The houses every bit good as the consumers both have accepted the alteration good. It is besides called as the Social Web . It is besides really frequently used for Social plans like Social Networking ( Facebook, Orkut, MySpace, etc. ) , Social Media, Sharing Contentss, Blogs, Wikis, Podcasting, YouTube, RSS, Google, etc. The Web2.0 has helped the houses reach the clients straight for illustration SPORTSDIRECT.COM. They sell athleticss goods online, they do hold retail mercantile establishments but their chief manner of selling is through cyberspace. The consumers book the merchandises online where they can choose and compare from different trade names and acquire the goods delivered within 24 hours at their door measure without blowing clip of traveling to the shop and purchasing. There are some web sites which help people compare and take to what they want to purchase. For illustration the HUNGARYHOUSE.COM which helps people choose from different eating houses in their country for which nutrient they want to eat and what is the forte of the eating houses in that country. The consumers can travel the web site and select from the options and order repasts. They besides can acquire best trades and offers by booking online. Besides there is a web site for developing concern webs or helps happen new purc hasers or Sellerss of different merchandises. The web site is known as ALIBABA.COM. It is really popular web site where people from different portion of the universe can happen different merchandises sold by many different companies from assorted states. They are besides persons purchasing and selling assortment of merchandises. In general, it is said that everything has a positive and a negative side. The same goes with the Web2.0. There is some danger towards the civilization, society, etc. posed by the usage of Web2.0 for illustration There are some anon. pictures and remixes on YouTube, Google videos and many other similar sites where cultural danger and besides the maltreatment and abuse of the right of first publication picture, Son, music, etc. is frequently seen. There are so many sites which give in item information of doing a BOMB. These things are someway a distressing portion where batch of attention has to be taken make sure of the safety of the universe. After all the good and bad side of the WEB2.0 the essay farther discusses the extroverted Web3.0. The Web 3.0 engineerings are hard to specify how superb it will be, as the lineation of emerging applications has been really clear over the past few old ages with the usage of the Web2.0. We can therefore basically view Web 3.0 as powering large-scale Web applications. The sort of applications that are used in web2.0 will be even more filtered and will be even more sophisticated with better packages. The selling system will profit more in footings of selling goods online, increasing the client base and in many other ways. Thus Web3.0 is traveling to convey enormous alteration in the selling universe by doing things easier and effectual by passing less clip, money and cut downing the sum of labors hired for marketing related occupations. The Use Of Neuroscience Marketing After the Web2.0 as the new engineering for marketing which has made marketing really easily, the houses had to happen a new, a better and effectual manner of selling. The houses, so, started to happen even more new ways of marketing to make the clients and to retain them for long term. The houses started utilizing the neuroscience engineerings to larn the demands of the client to fulfill them with their merchandise. The neuroscience uses the methods that are originally used for encephalon research to look into the economic jobs, and so progress the integration neuroscientific findings into the economic scientific disciplines. Neuromarketing or consumer neuroscience is a portion of neuroeconomics that addresses the selling related jobs i.e. Methods of selling and besides the penetrations from encephalon research. Therefore, with the aid of advanced techniques of neurology, which is used for consumer neuroscience, a more direct position of the clients thought is executable which helps the houses market their merchandise easy to the targeted clients. Consumer neuroscience, when at its initial phase, should non hold be seen as a challenge to traditional consumer research techniques, but gave a complementing promotion towards farther probe of specific decision-making behavior of the consumers. Neuroimaging engineering allows research workers to detect in item of how the human behavior alterations when nervous mechanisms are applied. The to the full groking human behavior requires an apprehension of how evolutionary procedures have been selected for the functional forms and hence, how the nervous system responds to the same. Both economic expert and the brain doctors made efforts to larn and understand the human behavior for which they have used assorted different methods in past few old ages. The economic research on the other manus has tried to explicate the human behavior through experimental informations and other theoretical concepts such as public-service corporation or penchants. Since there are so many types each one has its ain failing and strength. The research work is merely sanctioned or put in to utilize when they are tried with few other types of research methods and one time they are successful with them, they start utilizing it. There are many human physiolo gical reactions that can be easy measured and used for nervous operation. The worlds are capable to assorted cultural phenomena, human behavior is comprised of biological and cultural head set when purchasing things. To be peculiar the importance of development would be a merchandise s gustatory sensation and safety along with how the merchandise influences one s societal head set. Accordingly, assorted advertisement images and famous person subscribers, sometimes makes a consumer choose and be loyal to the trade name. This shows how societal influence via trade name image can be used as a selling method which is really the nervous activity for an affectional response by the consumer towards the trade name. Decision Therefore, from the above essay the development in selling has played a really of import portion in altering the traditional selling methods which made things easier, more effectual by passing less clip, besides helps happen the right information about the consumer and their demands really easy which is really necessary to retain the clients. However, the major alterations were because the usage of cyberspace based engineerings that were introduced which changed the complete image of the selling methods i.e. researching, selling goods, besides happening and comparing things easy, etc. Change is must in about everything. It helps you find new things and besides makes it easier. The selling in past few old ages have experienced the same alteration which has made it really efficient but making it in a really easy method. On the other manus The Web2.0 has made it so easy for the selling portion specifically because in the 1990 s or even in the early 2000 s it was non easy to look and happen the information so easy. It has helped the houses to turn its web of clients in a really easy mode unlike in the 2001 when they used the Web1.0. The Web2.0 has made quit a large difference in the selling methods already, what will be the following thing when the Web3.0 will be in usage, ca nt even conceive of the manner thing s will be. The universe will be working so fast. The selling methods will be even more improved, even more efficient like neer earlier. Besides the houses are now utilizing the neuroscience engineering. Therefore, when the engineering meets science the chance in developing selling accomplishments will be enormous. The selling system has taken major alteration and is seeking to read the clients mind to what they really want and how they think. They are utilizing several neuroscience methods to make this. It has helped them good to both the consumers every bit good as the houses. These inventions of new technics and besides the cyberspace based engineering have helped the selling system alteration and modernise it. These timely alterations are really of import to maintain up with fast traveling digital universe. New methods are ever helpful and should be used until it benefits both the houses and the consumers. It is ever good when the balance is right. Therefore alterations should take topographic point from clip to clip and by the clip Web3.0 is in market there should be more and more new engineerings innovated to do selling more effectual.